One to Buy: 1991 Schuppan Porsche 962

Having initially been the dominant force in Group C racing, the Porsche 962 gradually began losing out to a new generation of machinery from the likes of Jaguar and Mercedes-Benz.

The Porsche’s weak spot was its outdated aluminium honeycomb tub while rival firms now used lighter, stiffer units fashioned from carbonfibre.

Having raced for the factory Porsche team every year between 1982 and 1988 and established his own equipe in mid 1987, Vern Schuppan sought to rectify the situation.

With Porsche’s blessing, Schuppan commissioned five new carbonfibre tubs from Advanced Composites Technology in England. By using the standard 962 chassis as a mould, Porsche’s tried-and-tested running gear would bolt straight on.

Team Schuppan began to race its first couple of carbon tubbed 962s in 1990. That season, the operation scored a best finish of fourth overall at the Fuji 1000km Japanese Sportscar Championship event.

1991 saw the arrival of the car you see here, chassis TS02C, which is currently on sale at the Canepa showroom in Scotts Valley, California.

Equipped with further refined bodywork that featured all kinds of trick aero, TS02C ran on four occasions during the ‘91 season. Its debut at the Silverstone 430km World Sportscar Championship race saw Jonathan Palmer and Eje Elgh start 15th but their race was ultimately cut short by engine failure just after one third distance.

Next time out at Le Mans, Elgh was joined by Will Hoy and Roland Ratzenberger. TS02C qualified 37th but blew a head gasket during the 16th hour.

For the Fuji 1000km Japanese Sportscar Championship event in early October, TS02C arrived in further updated trim. On this occasion, James Weaver and Kenny Acheson qualified 13th and finished sixth overall (fourth in the C1 class).

TS02C’s final outing came three weeks later when the car returned to World Championship action at the Autopolis 430km in Mexico where Elgh and Ratzenberger qualified 15th but failed to finish owing to a late engine failure.

The car was then sold to a Japanese collector with whom it remained until Canepa’s acquistion. TS02 has since undergone an exacting multi-year restoration by the Canepa Motorsport team and attended historic events such as the Sonoma Speed Festival and Rolex Monterey Motorsports Reunion.

For more information visit the Canepa website at: https://www.canepa.com/

One to Buy: 830km Speed Yellow 1993 Porsche 911 3.8 Carrera RSR (964)

While McLaren’s F1 GTR went on to dominate GT racing’s premier GT1 class during the mid 1990s, the GT3 category was initially the domain of Porsche 964-based 911 3.8 Carrera RSR.

Against opposition from Callaway Corvettes, the Lotus Esprit Sport 300 and Ferrari 348 GTC, Porsche ‘s latest iteration of the RSR theme proved itself the fastest and most reliable contender in the GT3 class.

As the original 964 Carrera RS launched in 1991 used a 3.6-litre motor, Porsche had paved the way for the RSR to run a bigger, more potent unit by creating a 3.8-litre Carrera RS homologation special in 1993. 55 of the hot road-going monsters were built along with 51 copies of the RSR racing version.

Of those 51, the majority went racing in the BPR GT Championship, the North American IMSA series and Germany’s ADAC GT Masters. However, a handful of RSRs headed straight into the hands of collectors who either mothballed them for preservation or ran them at the occasional track day.

One RSR to remain in remarkably low mileage unrestored condition is currently on offer at the Contempo Concept showroom in Kowloon, Hong Kong. Configured in the RSR’s trademark Speed Yellow colour, this stunningly original example of the ultimate GT3 car of its era has covered just 831km from new.

Still riding on its original slick-shod Pirelli tyres, this phenomenal piece of Porsche Motorsport history is likely one of the best examples of its type to exist.

For more information visit the Contempo Concept website at: https://www.contempoconcept.com/

One to Buy: 16,000 mile Ocean Blue Metallic 1997 Porsche 911 3.8 Carrera S (993)

With its combination of widebody styling, no fixed rear spoiler, a full comfort-spec. interior and the lighter, less complicated rear-drive transmission, Porsche’s 993 Carrera S from the late 1990s has come to be regarded as one of the most collectable air-cooled 911s ever.

Produced for the 1998 model year only, which was the last for the 993 and last for the air-cooled 911, the Carrera S was offered exclusively in Coupe trim and, like all post 1996 model years 911s, came with Porsche’s 3.8-litre 285bhp VarioRam Flat 6.

Customers could choose to have a manual six-speed gearbox or, at extra cost, a Tiptronic transmission that offered both fully automatic and automated manual drive modes. As many buyers were corporate type, the Tiptronic option was widely ticked which makes finding a mint example of the more driver-focused manual version a difficult task.

However, that’s what has just arrived in stock at the Canepa showroom in Scotts Valley, California.

Chassis WP0AA2991WS320228 was ordered through Rusnak Westlake Porsche in Thousand Oaks, California, and registered to its first owner, Christopher Conners of Camarillo, on October 27th 1997. Conners had the car configured in Ocean Blue Metallic with Cashmere upholstery, 18-inch Turbo wheels, an eight speaker Hi-Fi with six-disc CD shuttle, cruise control and a sunroof.

Retained by its first owner for almost 20 years, during which time it accumulated less than 10,000 miles, chassis ‘S320228’ has since resided with two further collectors and is today being offered with a little over 16,000 miles on the odometer.

For more information visit the Canepa website at: https://www.canepa.com/

One to Buy: 1994 Porsche 911 3.6 Speedster WTL (964) Physical Sculpture XI by Flatz

Having revived the Speedster moniker in 1988 after a near three decade gap with a fast-selling run of cars based on the outgoing 3.2-litre 911 Carrera, Porsche revisited the theme with a 964 variant unveiled at the Paris Motor Show in October 1992.

However, whereas the 3.2-litre Speedster had been launched into a red hot collector car market, this latest iteration arrived in the depths of a recession that hit Porsche particularly hard. As a result, production failed to reach even a third of the anticipated 3000 units

Another difference concerned the new car’s aesthetic – whereas the overwhelming majority of 3.2-litre cars were commissioned with wide-arched Turbo-style bodywork, the 3.6-litre 964 Speedster was officially only offered in narrow-bodied trim. That was unless you were a Porsche VIP, in which case you might have been lucky enough to get an allocation for one of the 15 cars produced in Turbo Look configuration by the firm’s revered Exclusive department.

Set to go under the hammer at RM Sotheby’s sale in Munich on October 18th is arguably the most special of those 15 units: chassis WP0ZZZ96ZRS455566.

The result of a collaboration between Porsche and Austrian artist Wolfgang Flatz, chassis ‘455566’ which Flatz dubbed Physical Sculpture XI was uniquely completed in the Paint-to-Sample combination of Speed Yellow and Black. Inside, Faltz requested red upholstery with the instrument fascia, seatbelts and door pulls in yellow. Further customisation appeared in the form of a steering wheel, handbrake lever and gear knob fashioned from oak.

With its black roof erected, the yellow and black colour scheme was a tribute to the Stuttgart and Baden-Württemberg state flags. With the roof down and the red upholstery exposed, ‘455566’ became an homage to the colours of Germany’s national flag.

This remarkable machine is being offered with a little under 57,000km on the odometer having been retained by Wolfgang Flatz since new.

For more information visit the RM Sotheby’s website at: https://rmsothebys.com/

Guide: Smooth Operator - a Historical & Technical Appraisal of the Porsche 928 S4, Club Sport, SE & GT

BACKGROUND

Porsche had originally created the 928 as a more conventionally engineered, more upmarket replacement for the 911 which, with its air-cooled rear-mounted engine, was unlike anything else in the high end automotive sector.

Having debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1977, 928 production began the following September for the 1978 model year. Two years later, the base 240bhp 4.5-litre 928 was joined by a more powerful 928 S equipped with 4.7-litre 300bhp iteration of the water-cooled V8 along with distinctive front and rear spoilers and new forged alloy wheels.

A second iteration of the 928 S followed in late 1983 for the 1984 model year when Rest of World derivatives were uprated with latest Bosch LH Jetronic fuel-injection, digital Bosch EZF ignition with twin distributors and a higher compression ratio. In addition to an additional 10bhp, this latest motor also developed more torque lower down the rev range with a peak rating of 295lb-ft at 4100rpm as opposed to 283lb-ft at 4500rpm. In markets like the UK and Australia, these 1984 model year iterations of the S were dubbed the 928 S2.

Twelve months later (in late 1984 for the 1985 model year), Porsche introduced a third incarnation of the 928 S with a US market-only variant that received a further enlarged 5-litre engine that featured dual instead of single overhead camshafts and four instead of two valves per cylinder. Other upgrades on this American-market special (created to claw back some of the power lost to additional emissions equipment required in that market) included spark plugs located above new pent-roof combustion chambers, uprated manifolds and optimised valve timing.

Unsurprisingly, having gone to the expense of developing this much-improved DOHC 48 valve power unit, Porsche then used it as the basis for a world market 928 as management wanted to offer an engine which produced the same output with or without a catalytic converter and leaded or unleaded fuel.

The resultant 928 S4 was unveiled at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1986 and went into production for the 1987 model year. In addition to a series of further engine enhancements that took it up to 320bhp and yielded gobs more torque (now 317lb-ft at 3000rpm), Porsche’s stylists gave this latest offering a major face-lift that brought the nine year design bang up to date.

ENGINE / TRANSMISSION

For this first 928 ‘World Market’ engine (the only regional difference was a lower grade fuel map for Australia), Porsche started with the five-litre dual overhead cam 32 valve engine introduced for the 1985 model year in North America (which had replaced the 4.7-litre single overhead cam 16 valve engine of old). In addition to twin cam heads with four valves per cylinder, the enlarged ‘85 model year American engine featured spark plugs located above new pent-roof combustion chambers, uprated manifolds and modified valve timing all of which yielded substantially more power and torque.

For the 928 S4’s Type M28/41 (manual) and M28/42 (automatic) engines, Porsche introduced an array of further updates.

The long list of new equipment included pistons and camshafts, an engine block with oil squirters for piston cooling, cylinder heads with slightly shallower combustion chambers, an optimised, more compact two-stage induction system with larger intake valves and enhanced ram effect, a narrower valve angle, altered valve timing and larger exhaust valves. For ease of cylinder head removal, bolts replaced studs.

Also updated was the Bosch LH-Jetronic fuel-injection and the EZK ignition system with its two knock sensors for optimised running. A revised cooling system featured thermostatically operated radiator shutters in the S4’s nose that opened only when needed to minimise drag in high-speed driving.

Twin electric engine cooling fans replaced the original single engine-driven unit.

Compression was unchanged at 10.0:1.

Regardless of whether a catalytic converter was fitted, the 928 S4 boasted peak output figures of 320bhp at 6000rpm and 317lb-ft at 3000rpm.

For comparison the 1985 model year US-only five-litre motor had developed 288bhp at 5750rpm 302lb-ft at 2700rpm and the outgoing 4.7 single cam 16 valve Euro spec motor produced 310bhp at 5900rpm) and 295lb-ft at 4100rpm.

Transmission was through either a five-speed manual or optional four-speed automatic gearbox with new single-plate clutch and open differential. S4-specific developments to the automatic set-up saw the shift programme for hard acceleration improved and a larger torque converter.

For the US market manual version, Porsche installed a longer final drive ratio than on Rest of World variants.

CHASSIS

The S4’s chassis package was enhanced with improved brakes and wider rear wheels.

New brake calipers featured larger pistons. However, some export market cars like those bound for North America, Australia and the Middle East initially used up components left over from the previous variant.

Ventilated brake discs had a diameter of 282mm at the front and 289mm at the rear. Like other Euro market 928s for the 1980 model year, stopping capacity was improved thanks to thicker discs with redesigned calipers and larger pads.

ABS was standard for all markets as had been the case since the 1985 model year.

The S4’s 16-inch forged alloy disc wheels were carried over from the previous model but whereas 7-inch wide rims had been used all round beforehand, the S4 came with wider 8-inch items at the back. These were mounted on 225/50 VR16 and 245/45 VR16 tyres respectively.

Like every 928, the S was built on a hot-dip galvanised steel bodyshell with a 2500mm wheelbase. An 86-litre fuel tank was fitted under the trunk floor.

Front suspension was via a multi-link MacPherson strut arrangement. At the back Porsche fitted their famed Weissach multi-link set up. An evolution of the semi-trailing arm configuration, the Weissach axle replaced the front pivot bushing of a trailing arm layout with a short link that allowed the suspension to adjust itself during cornering. The result was a dramatic reduction in lift-off oversteer and much improved stability.

Coil sprung shock absorbers were fitted at each corner along with an anti-roll bar at either end.

BODYWORK

For this latest iteration of the 928, Porsche carried out the most significant array of cosmetic alterations yet seen on the platform.

With the aim of improving aerodynamic efficiency, smooth new de-formable plastic nosecone and tail fascias were lifted from the 928-4 shooting break concept that Porsche had assessed in 1984.

The new front spoiler featured openings that channelled more air to the brakes. It also directed more air underneath the car as opposed to around the sides. In a similar vein, sensor-driven cooling flaps added between the grille and radiator greatly reduced drag as did revised underbody panelling.

To further optimise the aero package, Porsche switched the S4 to a bonded windscreen, positioned the wipers lower down than before and added deeper side skirts that diverted air around the rear tyres.

At the back of the car, larger flush fitting tail light clusters replaced the earlier recessed type and a new polyurethane rear spoiler was added.

The net result of all these changes was that, with the electronic front cooling flaps in a closed position, the S4 was able to boast a drag coefficient of 0.34 compared to 0.42 for original 928 and 0.39 for the 928 S.

With the exception of the aforementioned plastic components (along with the exterior mirror housings), body panels were fashioned exclusively from steel.

INTERIOR

While the S4’s exterior changes lent the new car a fresh new look, Porsche deemed no such measures necessary for the cockpit architecture. Aside from front seats with a new three position memory settings, new exterior mirror settings and a subtly modified rear seat area to accommodate the new torque converter, the S4’s interior fixtures and fittings were carried over from the outgoing model.

Behind the four horizontally spoked steering wheel was an adjustable instrument binnacle that housed large analogue read outs for road and engine speed. Outboard of these were smaller voltmeter, oil temperature, water temperature and fuel gauges.

The rest of the switchgear (ventilation controls, audio system etc.) was located on the central console that adjoined the slim forward section of the transmission tunnel. This tunnel widened dramatically towards the back of the car and meant the rear seats were no more spacious than those in the 911.

Air-conditioning, three-way electric seats and electric mirrors were fitted as standard.

OPTIONS

Porsche offered a practically limitless level of customisation for the 928 S4, both through the official options list and the Exclusive department.

In addition to an automatic transmission, buyers could request a 40% locking limited-slip differential, sports seats, leather upholstery, two-tone leather upholstery, contrast seat piping, fabric seat and door inserts, Bilstein dampers, an electric sunroof, tinted glass, out-of-range paint and leather combinations and an original S-type rear spoiler.

Given sufficiently deep pockets, you could have a car sent to the Exclusive department where practically any indulgence could be catered for - from leather and wood-covered everything to a 930 Flachbau-style front end with conventional pop-up headlights.

WEIGHT / PERFORMANCE

Compared to the outgoing variant which tipped the scales at 1500kg, the Euro / Rest of World spec. 928 S4 came in 80kg heavier (1580kg). The US version was another 10kg on top. Manual and automatic 928s weighed the same as one another.

Top speed for the Euro / RoW manual was 168mph with a 0-62mph time of 5.9 seconds (165mph and 6 seconds for the US version).

Top speed for the Euro / RoW auto was 165mph with a 0-62mph time of 6.3 seconds (162mph and 6.6 seconds for the US).

BONNEVILLE SPEED RECORDS

In anticipation of the S4’s debut, Porsche HQ and Porsche North America collaborated on an effort to set some speed records for a catalyst-equipped car at the Bonneville Salt Flats.

During March 1986, Euro market 928 S4 prototype chassis G18 underwent preparation in Stuttgart that saw it converted from automatic to manual transmission.

To optimise airflow, underbody panelling that extended back to the transaxle was installed, the exterior mirrors were removed and some subtle additions to the bottom of the nosepiece were incorporated where brake-cooling inlets were blocked. A cockpit switch set the air-inlet louvres in one of three positions: shut, 30% open and fully open.

7-inch-wide wheels were fitted all round (instead of the S4’s wider 8-inch rears). They were shod with Pirelli P700 tyres trimmed down to a minimal tread depth then pumped up to a remarkable 64 psi. Ride height was dropped and special Bilstein dampers were installed along with a stiffer front anti-roll bar, a non-standard ECU and 2.54:1 rear axle ratio.

A few weeks after a series of shakedown runs at the Nardo speed bowl in Italy (April 5th and 6th) chassis G18 was dispatched to the Holbert Porsche dealership in Pennsylvania. Here, the existing white paint job was switched to red for marketing purposes.

On August 7th, Al Holbert recorded an average of 171.110mph for the flying mile and 171.926mph for the kilometre which enabled Porsche to declare the 928 S4 as the world’s fastest catalysed car.

H21 CABRIOLET PROTOTYPE

With production of the 928 S4 underway, Porsche tentatively explored the potential for a Cabriolet version.

During the spring of 1987, work began on a prototype internally dubbed H21. The idea for an open top 928 came straight from the top of the company: Porsche CEO Peter Schutz had seen how adding open top versions of the 911 dramatically increased sales and he wanted to see a drop head 928.

The finished article looked great, but any plans for production were abandoned early in 1988 owing to the engineering costs of going into production.

1987 MODEL YEAR PRODUCTION

During the 928 S4’s first year in production, 4791 units were completed which represented a 2% drop on the previous twelve month period.

This figure was split 2184 cars in Euro / Rest of World trim, 2421 car to US specification and 186 for Japan.

1988 MODEL YEAR

For the 1988 model year, customers could order their 928 S4 in Club Sport or SE trim (covered in detail below).

Cruise control was added to the S4’s list of standard equipment and supple ruched leather was added to the options list along with preparation for an in-car telephone.

Cars equipped with an automatic gearbox now came with a beefier torque tube.

From February 1988, S4 engines benefited from new pistons with strengthened skirts and improved oil drainage.

Production for the 1988 model year was down 10% on the twelve months prior with 4346 units. This figure was split 2287 cars in Euro / Rest of World trim, 1792 to US specification and 267 for Japan.

928 CLUB SPORT

The manual gearbox-only Club Sport option that came on stream during the 1988 model year was given code M637. Porsche’s idea was to create a more performance oriented S4 at the expense of a little comfort and practicality.

To reduce weight, the following equipment was deleted: rear wiper, exterior rubbing strips, central locking, cruise control, rear sun visors, remote tailgate release, cassette storage boxes, oddments trays and transaxle tube vibration damper.

Sound insulation was greatly reduced as was the size of the tool kit, the original wiring loom and air-conditioning system were switched for simplified units and the usual electric seats were switched for lightweight Sports seats.

New D90 Club Sport forged alloy wheels continued the weight-saving theme even though they were an inch wider than on the regular S4 (8-inches front, 9-inches back on 225/50/16 and 245/45/16 tyres respectively). 17mm spacers for the rear wheels further enhanced the Club Sport’s more aggressive stance as did the lowered ride height that came about as a result of shorter, stiffer springs and re-calibrated gas-filled dampers (what became the Sport suspension option).

To complement the new D90 wheels, other external updates included rolled fenders all round and bold Club Sport decals on the front fender. On the inside, Porsche fitted a new short-shift gear lever.

In terms of the engine, the Club Sport ostensibly ran a Type M28/41 unit like every other manual 928 S4. However, the 330bhp engines fitted to these cars came with a host of trick parts to include a re-tuned intake system, uprated pistons, hot camshafts with greater valve lift, modified engine management and ignition systems (which took the redline from 6000rpm to 6775rpm) and a lightweight free-flow twin outlet exhaust.

The normally optional limited-slip differential was fitted as standard along with a shorter final drive ratio (2.73:1 instead of 2.20:1).

At 1480kg, Porsche had managed to strip 100kg of ballast from the Club Sport. It weighed in at 1480kg (compared to 1580kg) and had a markedly faster 0-62mph time (5.3 seconds as opposed to 5.9). There was also lots more punch above 4000rpm and top speed was 175mph (up from 168mph).

Unfortunately, perhaps because a lightened and simplified S4 seemed at odds with the 928 ethos, demand was miniscule. Just twelve cars were built (ten for Europe / Rest of World regions and two for the US) which took overall Club Sport production to 17 units when the quintet of 1987 model year prototypes were taken into the equation.

928 SE

As Porsche Great Britain did not expect the Club Sport to sell well, the SE was introduced which combined much of the Club Sport’s high performance equipment with most of the normal S4’s comfort equipment re-instated.

To this end, the SE was essentially an S4 with the Club Sport’s lower and stiffer Sports suspension, its lighter and wider D90 forged alloy wheels, the rolled fenders, wide track rear axle and short shift gear lever. There was also the 330bhp Club Sport engine with its re-tuned intake system, uprated pistons, high-lift camshafts, re-mapped engine management and ignition systems (which took the redline from 6000rpm to 6775rpm), lightweight free-flow twin outlet exhaust, close-ratio five-speed manual transmission and limited-slip differential.

The 928 SE (Special Equipment) was offered in a choice of four standard colours: Grand Prix White, Guards Red, Black and Silver Metallic. Black leather electric Sports seats came with red piping and special duo-tone black and red pinstripe fabric inlays.

Top speed was a quoted 175mph along with a 0-62mph time of 5.6 seconds.

In total, 42 cars were produced in SE trim for the UK market.

1989 MODEL YEAR

For the 1989 model year, all 928 S4s were quoted at 1590kg which represented a 10kg gain for Euro / Rest of World spec. cars.

More significant was a real ‘world first’: the arrival of a digital tyre pressure monitoring system which was added to the options list along with heated front seats.

The list of standard equipment now included a remote alarm system, a ten-speaker audio system with six-channel amplifier and a new onboard diagnostic system that flagged up warnings for 21 different functions.

Other updates included brake pad wear indicators, modified front brake calipers with improved seals, a thicker cylinder head casting and an improved central locking system. The radio antenna was moved from the back of the left-hand side rear fender to the trailing edge of the roof.

The automatic gearbox was re-tuned to hold a gear for longer when the accelerator pedal was pushed to the floor giving a sportier feel.

1989 model year production continued the 928’s downward sales trend. After a 10% drop the previous year, sales were down a further 17% this time round with 3614 units split as follows: 2424 Euro / Rest of World cars and 1190 for the United States.

928 GT

Despite a lack of interest for either the 928 Club Sport or SE, Porsche forged ahead with plans for another more driver-focused 928 in an attempt to stimulate demand.

Produced from March 1989, the 928 GT was offered exclusively with a manual gearbox. It came with the lighter and wider D90 forged alloy wheels, rolled fenders, side protection trim delete, a wide track rear axle and short shift gear lever. Lower and stiffer Sports suspension was a no-cost option

In the engine bay was a newly designated Type M28/47 Club port spec. motor officially quoted at 330bhp. It featured the by now familiar re-tuned intake system, uprated pistons, high-lift camshafts, re-mapped engine management and ignition systems and lightweight free-flow twin outlet exhaust. Transmission was again through a close-ratio five-speed transaxle gearbox but a limited-slip differential became an optional extra.

Peak output was a 330bhp at 6200rpm and 317lb-ft at 4100rpm (compared to 320bhp at 6000rpm and 317lb-ft at 3000rpm for a standard S4). Top speed was 171mph and 0-62mph required 5.6 seconds.

1990 MODEL YEAR

For the 1990 model year, Porsche only offered the 928 S4 with an automatic gearbox which meant the 928 GT became the sole manual variant.

S4s now came with the uprated pistons, lightweight twin outlet exhaust system and forged D90 alloy wheels from the Club Sport, SE and GT.

The previously optional tyre pressure monitoring system became standard. Safety was further improved by way of three instead of two-point inertia reel seat belts in the rear and a new 959-derived electronically controlled limited-slip differential dubbed PSD for Porsche-Sperr-Differential. With a locking effect that ranged from 0 to 100%, PSD helped to reduce oversteer using the standard ABS sensors to control lock engagement based on wheel slip and speed.

Dual airbags became standard issue in certain left-hand drive markets (like the United States) and required some modification to the existing dash assembly. Owing to packaging constraints, only a driver airbag was available on right-hand drive cars.

A traditional analogue clock with illuminated hands replaced the earlier digital type.

Having been down 17% for the 1989 model year, sales were down another 16% for 1990 with just 3049 cars produced split between 2592 in Euro / Rest of World trim and 455 for the United States (plus two for Canada).

1991 MODEL YEAR

The 1991 model year would be the last for the 928 in its current S4 / GT guise before one final iteration known as the GTS came on stream. Nevertheless, quite an array of updates were introduced.

Mechanically, the power steering rack and pump were modified and given revised settings, the adjustable cooling flaps in front of the radiator were deleted, improvements were made to the exhaust-side cooling at the cylinder heads and the temperature sensors for the ignition circuit monitoring system were moved to improve efficiency (from cylinders four and eight to three and seven).

Inside, Porsche added a modified handbrake assembly to make cockpit access easier, a thicker rim for the leather-covered steering wheel, improved sound insulation and improved door seals.

The manual gearbox 928 GT came with a new shift knob assembly.

Cars bound for the United States now came with a check engine warning light.

After 16% and 17% drops the previous two years, 1991 proved even worse. Production ran to just 2037 units split 1650 Euro / Rest of World cars and 387 for the United States which represented a 67% year-on-year drop.

END OF PRODUCTION

928 S4 and GT production ended in August 1991 by which time 17,837 units had been completed during five years of production.

The two variants were replaced by Porsche’s final interpretation of he 928 theme, the 928 GTS, which debuted at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September ‘91.

Text copyright: Supercar Nostalgia
Photo copyright: Porsche -
https://www.porsche.com

One to Buy: Coral Red Metallic 1991 Porsche 911 3.6 Carrera 4 Cabriolet (964)

Although its face-lifted appearance hinted at the level of development work undertaken, Porsche claimed the new 964-type 911 3.6 Carrera was “87% new” compared to its 3.2-litre forebear.

Having been launched in all-wheel drive Carrera 4 Coupe trim at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1988, Targa and Cabriolet body styles were added to the range in August 1989 along with a rear-wheel drive variant (the Carrera 2) and a new semi-automatic Tiptronic gearbox option.

Regardless of the body style or gearbox selected, every one of these 3.6-litre 911 Carreras was powered by a 250bhp air-cooled Flat 6 (now with twin spark ignition). Other notable 964-type upgrades included significantly revised suspension, power steering and ABS.

In 1991, the overwhelming majority of Porsche customers were still choosing Grand Prix White or Guards Red for their cars. However, currently on the market at the Thiesen Automobile showroom in Hamburg is a 964 Cabriolet unlike any we’ve seen.

Delivered new via Porsche Center Wuppertal, Thiesen’s car was ordered in the stunning combination of Coral Red Metallic (a special order colour for the 1991 model year only) with red upholstery, a black roof, the super desirable five-speed manual gearbox and air-conditioning.

Today, this almost certainly one-of-one 964 Cabriolet has covered 78,600km and is being offered in superb unrestored condition complete with its original book back and tool kit.

For more information visit the Thiesen Automobile website at: https://www.thiesen-automobile.com/en/

One to Buy: Euro-spec. Rubystone Red 1991 Porsche 911 3.3 Turbo (964)

Having introduced a normally aspirated version of the heavily revised 964-type 911 for the 1989 model year, a wide-bodied turbocharged version debuted 18 months later.

Unveiled at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1990, this latest iteration of the forced induction 911 went into production that September for the ‘91 model year. It featured an updated 3.3-litre single turbo Flat 6 with 320bhp and was offered exclusively in Coupe trim with rear-wheel drive.

Despite its good looks, excellent build quality and outstanding performance, the 964-based 911 Turbo was not a massive commercial success; poor trading conditions and outdated production techniques meant the early 1990s was a trying time for Porsche. The result was only a little over 4000 examples of the new 911 Turbo were built in 3.3-litre trim by the time production was discontinued during the summer of 1992.

Set to go under the hammer at Bonhams’ Miami sale on May 3rd is a particularly interesting example of the first generation 3.3-litre 964 Turbo: chassis WP0ZZZ96ZMS470324.

Configured in the trademark 964 paint scheme of Rubystone Red, this German-delivered example was the 324th of 2298 Euro-spec. examples built during the 1991 model year. The first owner optioned the car with full leather upholstery (in black), an electric sunroof, heated seats and a Blaupunkt Symphony audio system.

A numbers matching example as demonstrated by the accompanying Porsche Certificate of Authenticity, chassis ‘470324’ is currently showing a little under 60,000km and comes complete with its factory-issued book pack to include the original stamped maintenance record.

For more information visit the Bonhams website at: https://cars.bonhams.com/

One to Buy: Speed Yellow non-sunroof 1995 Porsche 911 3.6 Turbo (993)

18 months after the 993-type 911 had made its world debut, Porsche added a highly anticipated Turbo to the range at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1995.

Unlike its forced induction predecessors, this latest iteration of the 911 Turbo theme most notably broke with convention on account of its full-time four-wheel drive system. A rear-drive 911 Turbo, the GT, was also unveiled at Geneva in ‘95, but this car was effectively a widebody forced induction version of the hardcore Carrera RS created purely to homologate the most effective race car possible.

By contrast, the regular 993 Turbo offered all the refinements most Porsche customers had by now come to expect from the 911. With 408bhp in standard trim, it packed sufficient punch for a 184mph top speed and 0-62mph time of 4.5 seconds.

Like most 993s of the non RS / GT variety, the overwhelming majority of 911 Turbos produced between 1995 and 1998 were ordered with an electric sunroof that added weight, lessened rigidity and increased the chance of water ingress.

However, set to go under the hammer at RM Sotheby’s sale in Paris on February 5th is an exceptionally rare 993 Turbo in non-sunroof trim: chassis ‘370078’.

Just the 78th 993 Turbo built, chassis ‘370078’ was completed a few weeks ahead of the ‘95 Geneva Motor Show on January 31st 1995 having been ordered by a customer from Stuttgart in the trademark 993 livery of Speed Yellow with Black leather upholstery. The list of optional equipment fitted included heated seats and cruise control.

Today, this extremely early and very nicely configured example of the last air-cooled 911 Turbo has covered a little under 71,000km.

For more information visit the RM Sotheby’s website at: https://rmsothebys.com/

One to Buy: 13,000 mile Grand Prix White 1992 Porsche 911 3.6 RS America (964)

Because the 964-based 911 3.6 Carrera RS launched in early 1991 was not legal for sale in the United States on safety grounds, Porsche caved to customer demand and produced a back-to-basics driver-focused normally aspirated Coupe specifically for export across the Atlantic.

The resultant 911 RS America arrived in October 1991 under option code M504 and was priced at round 30% less than a full-fat Carrera RS. It came with uprated suspension and wheels, a simplified interior with basic door cards, no rear seats, fabric sports seats and thinner carpet, a fixed rear spoiler and stock 250bhp Flat 6 motor.

All told, the RS America weighed in 75kg lighter than a standard rear-drive Carrera 2 Coupe and 701 were built between 1991 and 1993.

Currently on the market at the Canepa showroom in Scotts Valley, California, is undoubtedly one of the best examples of a 911 RS America to exist: chassis WP0AB296XPS418145.

Configured in Grand Prix White with three of the four optional extras available (air conditioning, a limited-slip differential and two-speaker audio system), the car’s first owner took delivery on June 16th, 1992.

Chassis ‘418145’ joined an extensive collection of high end cars and for the best part of 20 years was maintained by the first owner’s in-house mechanic, during which time it accumulated 13,000 miles.

More recently, this incredible unrestored RS America has undergone the usual comprehensive pre-sale preparation for which Canepa have become renowned.

For more information visit the Canepa website at: https://www.canepa.com/

One to Buy: 18,000 mile 1990 Porsche 928 S4 Gemballa Convertible

Although the contemporary 911 was offered in three alternative body styles to maximise its appeal, Porsche concluded that the market for its grand front-engined flagship, the 928, was too small to warrant the investment required for an open top version.

The closest the company came to offering such a machine was in 1987 when an S4-based prototype dubbed H51 was quietly produced for assessment. However, the programme ultimately came to nothing which was a great shame as a roof-less 928 would have made a great alternative to the likes of a Mercedes-Benz SL or Jaguar XJS.

Instead, Porsche left it to aftermarket tuners to produce Convertible and Targa-topped 928s for customers that wanted such a machine.

Of the small number of firms to produce an open top 928, undoubtedly the best were those by Gemballa who developed a marvellous electric roof that when lowered was concealed below a retractable rear clamshell.

Although rare as hen’s teeth, one of these sensational Gemballa 928 dropheads is currently on offer at the I Automobile Group showroom in Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong.

Based on a right-hand drive 1990 S4, I Automobile’s car was configured in the lovely colour combination of Marine Blue Metallic with Light Grey leather, Dark Blue piping, a matching Dark Blue canvas roof and the seldom seen five-speed manual gearbox. Having covered just 18,000 miles from new, this prime example of the super tuner art is presented in superb condition throughout.

For more information visit the I Automobile website at: https://www.iautomobile.com.hk/

One to Buy: 279 mile Grand Prix White 1995 Porsche 911 3.6 Carrera Cabriolet (993)

Unlike the 964-type 911 which had proven something of a slow seller particularly in its twilight years, the substantially revamped 993 launched at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1993 became a spectacular success.

Having initially only been offered as a rear-drive Coupe, Porsche introduced a Cabriolet version at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1994 and an all-wheel drive Carrera 4 that October. By the time the Carrera 4 arrived, a 285bhp engine option had been introduced as part of the ‘95 model year updates for those customers who wanted a little more poke than the regular 272bhp unit.

August 1995 saw a glass-roofed Targa and a wide-bodied Carrera 4S Coupe added to the range (for the 1996 model year) along with an even more powerful 300bhp engine option. The last year of production (1997) marked the arrival of a rear-drive wide-bodied Carrera S Coupe.

With most 993 Carreras having originally been pressed into daily driver duty, finding an ultra low mileage example is quite rare, let alone one with little more than delivery mileage.

However, that is precisely what is currently on offer with Symbolic International in Miramar, California.

Chassis ‘342941’ is a US-market Carrera Cabriolet from 1995 that has accumulated just 279 miles since new. It was configured in Grand Prix White with Black upholstery and kitted out with an array of optional extras to include a limited-slip differential, Automatic Braking Differential (ABD), Sports seats, cruise control and an elaborate audio system that comprised a Becker Porsche CR-1 head unit and remote control Nokia Digital Sound Processer.

For more information visit the Symbolic International website at: https://www.symbolicinternational.com/

One to Buy: Non-sunroof 25,000km 1994 Porsche 911 3.6 Carrera Coupe (993)

When it comes to the best iteration of any given 911, there’s a strong case for that car to be a base-spec., rear-drive, non-sunroof normally aspirated Coupe.

Whereas some of Porsche’s Renn Sport 911s can be a little hardcore for certain roads and the Turbo just too heavy and powerful, a regularly damped Carrera with the stiffness of a non-sunroof shell and lightness of a lightly optioned specification can actually provide the definitive 911 driving experience.

Unfortunately, the high frequency with which customers opted for a sunroof, particularly in the 80s and 90s, makes finding such a car difficult, especially in mint unrestored low mileage condition.

One such car that fits the bill, however, is currently in the Rosier Classic Sterne showroom over in Oldenburg, Germany: an early 993-type rear-drive Carrera Coupe configured with a manual gearbox, Midnight Blue Metallic paint and Black upholstery.

It was first registered in January 1994 to a customer from Hamburg, someone who obviously loved it as the car has remained in their possession ever since. During that time a little over 25,000km has been accumulated on the odometer and the car has never received any paintwork.

Get a spare set of wheels and paint the centres matching Midnight Blue Metallic and you have a dream specification.

For more information visit the Rosier Classic Sterne website at: https://www.classic-sterne.de/en/

One to Buy: ex-William Jackson 48km from new 1995 Porsche 911 GTR (993 GT2-R)

Had it not been for the wide availability of various 911-based machines, the resurgence of GT racing in the 1990s would likely not have occurred. First it was RS and RSR versions of the 964-type 911 that enabled privateers to compete on track at both national and international level, after which Porsche switched focus to the 993.

In addiiton to the normally aspirated 993-type Carrera RS which could be ordered in RSR racing trim, Porsche also offered the formidable twin turbocharged GT version (sometimes referred to as the GT2) which went down in history as arguably the ultimate expression of the legendary air-cooled 911 line.

As per the Carrera RS, a racing version of the 993 GT was offered to anyone with sufficient cash which enabled them to compete at the forefront of the myriad championships that had suddenly sprung up.

In total, 78 examples of the renowned 911 GTR (993 GT2R) were created, the majority of which were pressed into long, hard life of competition as they remained so competitive for so long.

However, Porsche also received the occasional commission from individuals who simply wanted to add an effectively static GTR to their collection.

One such example is currently on the market at Girardo & Co.’s Turin facility: chassis 393099.

Ordered through Porsche Motorsports North America by renowned collector William Jackson in Denver, chassis 393099 was configured in Speed Yellow with the optional fast refuelling system, larger 380mm endurance-spec. brakes, adjustable Bilstein dampers and TAG data-logging system.

William Jackson retained his 911 GTR for eight years, since which time it has gone through the hands of a further three collectors who have all preserved it in immaculate original condition. Today, this effectively brand new car has covered just 48km from new.

For more information visit the Girardo & Co. website at: https://girardo.com/

One to Buy: 1 owner until 2017 Guards Red 1992 Porsche 911 3.6 Carrera RS Touring (964)

Although the 1973 and ‘74 model year 911 Carrera RS in 2.7 and 3-litre trim quickly came to be regarded among Porsche’s most revered road-going models, the company did not create another Renn Sport street car until the early 1990s.

That machine was the 964-based 911 3.6 Carrera RS which debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1991.

Frequently cited by road testers of the time as almost too hardcore for general street use, this first iteration of the 964 Renn Sport subsequently went on to acquire iconic status and spawned an array of even more extreme spin offs with the subsequent racing versions going on to dominate the junior categories of international GT racing for several years.

Of the 2282 examples of the 964 3.6 Carrera RS produced between 1991 and ‘92, a particularly fine example is currently on offer at the Tomini Classics showroom in Dubai.

Configured in the popular colour scheme of Guards Red over a Black and Grey interior, this superb 1992 car was also optioned with the M002 Touring back and remains in fantastic unrestored condition having remained in the care of its first owner until 2017.

It has today covered a mere 18,400km and boasts a full Porsche main dealer service history from new along with a complete set of books and tools.

For more information visit the Tomini Classics website at: https://tominiclassics.com/

One to Buy: 3500 mile 1991 Porsche 911 3.6 Carrera 4 Targa (964)

Unveiled in all-wheel drive Coupe form at the Frankfurt Motor Show in September 1988, Porsche’s 964 was the most heavily modified iteration of the much-loved 911 yet seen.

In addition to an enlarged 3.6-litre twin spark engine, the 964 brought with it both power-assisted steering and anti-lock brakes; despite the new car’s lightly face-lifted appearance, Porsche claimed it to be a remarkable 87% new.

A Targa and Cabriolet followed in August 1989 followed by a rear-drive version that October, but despite the significant investment made to modernise the 911 for the 1990s, sales were disappointing owing primarily to the poor economic trading conditions of the time. As a result, the 964 was produced in much smaller numbers than its 3.2-litre predecessor which had managed to break all previous records for the 911.

Significantly, the 964 was the last incarnation of the classic 911 to be manufactured as a traditional Targa with subsequent versions more akin to a sunroof Coupe with a sliding glass roof.

Currently on offer at the Autofarm showroom in Wendlebury, Oxfordshire, is surely one of the lowest mileage examples of a 964 Targa in existence.

Delivered new to the UK in November 1991, this perfectly preserved example was configured in special order Baltic Blue Metallic with Blue-piped Linen upholstery and manual transmission. It has resided in the hands of just three fastidious collectors, during which time a little over 3500 miles has been accumulated.

For more information visit the Autofarm website at: https://autofarm.co.uk/

One to Buy: ex-Konrad Motorsport / JB Racing / Larbre Competition 1997 Porsche 911 GT1 Evolution

As Germany’s most successful marque when it came to Sports and GT racing, McLaren’s mid 90s domination with their BMW-powered F1 GTR was not something Porsche were prepared to accept.

Accordingly, within a few months of the F1 GTR having hit the track, the engineers at Porsche began work on a reverse engineered Prototype that, on account of the very limited GT1 production requirements, would ostensibly be able to masquerade as the kind of road-going machine that would meet the letter, if not the spirit, of the regulations.

On its debut at the 1996 Le Mans 24 Hours, the resultant 911 GT1 went on to blitz the competition and ultimately started an arms race between the likes of Mercedes-Benz, Nissan and Toyota that led to the temporary collapse of top flight GT1 racing.

Currently on offer at the Maxted-Page showroom in Halstead, Essex, is a veteran of the 1997 and ‘98 FIA GT Championship that saw an epic battle for supremacy between Porsche, McLaren and Mercedes-Benz.

Chassis 109 was originally campaigned by the Konrad Motorsport squad who used it for five 1997 races plus Le Mans Pre-Qualifying scoring best finishes of seventh at the Helsinki 3 Hours and twelfth at the Silverstone 4 Hours.

In August 1997 the car was sent back to Porsche and uprated to Evolution specification, after which it was sold to JB Racing who contested another three races scoring a best finish of ninth at the Sebring 3 Hours.

For 1998, chassis 109 was sold to Larbre Competition who ran the car at Le Mans Pre-Qualifying and in two FIA GT Championship races scoring a best finish of eighth at Dijon.

Today, chassis 109 is presented in immaculate condition having been restored to its 1997 Marlboro-backed JB Racing trim and with a conversion to road specification recently carried out by Maxted-Page.

For more information visit the Maxted-Page website at: https://www.maxted-page.com/

One to Buy: triple black 1994 Schuppan 962 CR

Ex-works Porsche driver Vern Schuppan was one of several individuals that, during the late 1980s collector car boom, decided to offer a road-going version of the legendary Porsche 962.

Significantly though, Schuppan planned to base his cars on carbonfibre tubs that were lighter and stiffer than the aluminium honeycomb originals. Conceived for racing use by Schuppan’s British-based racing team, these state-of-art composite tubs were produced with Porsche’s blessing.

Having had the idea to build 962 road cars around his expensively developed carbon tubs, Vern Schuppan decided to offer two alternative road-going versions: the 962 LM and 962 CR.

While the 962 LM was conceived as simple road-going conversion of a standard-looking 962, the 962 CR would be a more luxurious variant built on a widened tub and fitted with a completely redesigned body.

Ultimately, Schuppan built just six 962 road cars before the company went into administration as a result of the early 1990s economic crash.

One of these cars, chassis AS962CRP2, is currently on offer with Bingo Sports in Tokyo.

Finished in its original black on black colour scheme, it represents a high point for development of the 962 road car theme having been crash tested, emission controlled and type approved for road use in all key markets at vast expense.

Unfortunately though, when demand for high end vehicles collapsed, there was simply insufficient demand for a car that was priced at nearly $1m in 1991.

For more information visit the Bingo Sports website at: https://bingosportsworld.com/

One to Buy: Bad Boys-spec. Oz-market 1993 Porsche 911 3.6 Turbo (964)

Like quite a few high end models produced during the 1970s and 80s, Porsche’s original 911 Turbo (the 930) stayed in production for well over a decade. During this time, only comparatively minor mechanical tweaks were made and from the outside, relatively little changed between 1975 and 1989.

After such a lengthy run, anticipation for a second generation Turbo had built to fever pitch by the time the 964-based Turbo was unveiled at Geneva in 1990. However, while the new machine looked great, it initially used a mild revamp of the outgoing 3.3-litre motor and it wasn’t until 1993 that a forced induction version of the 964’s substantially modified 3.6-litre unit arrived.

Unfortunately, both these 964-based Turbos were produced at a particularly difficult time for Porsche; inefficient manufacturing techniques and poor trading conditions during the early-to-mid 1990s saw the company come perilously close to bankruptcy.

As a consequence, sales figures for the 964 Turbos were well down compared to the 930. A little over 4100 examples of the 3.3-litre version were built between 1990 and 1992 while the subsequent 3.6, manufactured at Porsche’s lowest ebb, sold just over 1400 units.

With such low volume (plus of course those fantastic looks), the 3.6-litre 964 Turbo is today regarded among the most collectible Porsches of its era.

Currently on offer at the Dutton Garage showroom in Victoria is a fine example presented in ‘Bad Boys’ trim: Satin Black Metallic over a matching Black interior.

One of just 159 right-hand drive examples built, this Australian-delivered machine has covered a little over 79,000km and is presented in very good unrestored condition complete with a fully documented service history.

For more information visit the Dutton Garage website at: https://duttongarage.com/